{"id":10315,"date":"2017-08-15T09:19:13","date_gmt":"2017-08-15T07:19:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihs.com.tr\/blog\/?p=10315"},"modified":"2017-08-15T09:19:13","modified_gmt":"2017-08-15T07:19:13","slug":"dns-kaydi-nedir-dns-kayit-turleri-nelerdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/dns-kaydi-nedir-dns-kayit-turleri-nelerdir\/","title":{"rendered":"DNS Kayd\u0131 Nedir? DNS Kay\u0131t T\u00fcrleri Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"

DNS, internetin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda temel unsurlardan bir tanesidir. Domainlerle ilgili bilgileri bar\u0131nd\u0131ran serverlar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir veri taban\u0131d\u0131r. DNS’nin ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00f6revi, isimleri IP adreslerine e\u015flemek ve bunlarla ilgili merak edilenleri yan\u0131tlamakt\u0131r. DNS olmasayd\u0131, insanlar\u0131n internet \u00fczerindeki herhangi bir \u015feye ba\u011flanmalar\u0131 olduk\u00e7a g\u00fc\u00e7 olurdu ve hata e\u011filimleri \u00e7ok daha fazla olurdu. Haberimizin geri kalan\u0131nda en yayg\u0131n DNS kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 ve DNS kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n domain ad\u0131n\u0131zla ilgili bar\u0131nd\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bilgileri a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n

DNS Kay\u0131tlar\u0131 Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Kaynak kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ya da d\u00fczg\u00fcn olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla DNS kay\u0131tlar\u0131, bir domainin ad\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayan bilgi k\u00fcmeleridir. DNS kay\u0131tlar\u0131, zone file olarak bilinen veri dosyalar\u0131na dahildir. Bu kay\u0131tlar, domaininizi y\u00f6netebilmeniz i\u00e7in DNS sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n size sundu\u011fu \u015feylerdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

DNS’nin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 Domain Ad\u0131 Sistemidir. DNS da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan bir sistemdir, bu da zone file\u2019lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n birden \u00e7ok sunucuda tutuldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir. Zone file\u2019lar\u0131n\u0131n bir seri numaras\u0131 ve bir TTL(time to live) s\u00fcresi vard\u0131r. Seri numaras\u0131, zone file\u2019lar\u0131n\u0131n ge\u00e7erli s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc belirtir ve dosyada bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik oldu\u011funda seri numaras\u0131 da de\u011fi\u015fir. TTL s\u00fcresi ise zone file\u2019\u0131n bir nameserver taraf\u0131ndan \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken saniye cinsinden de\u011ferini belirtir. E\u011fer TTL s\u00fcresi dolarsa, nameserver \u00f6nbelle\u011fe al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f bir zone file sunmaz ve yetkili domain nameserver\u0131ndan yeni bir TTL s\u00fcr\u00fcm ister.<\/span><\/p>\n

DNS Kay\u0131t T\u00fcrleri<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

DNS protokol\u00fc, farkl\u0131 ama\u00e7lar i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilecek bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 kayd\u0131 tan\u0131mlar. Fakat en s\u0131k kullan\u0131lanlar \u015funlard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n

Address (A)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Address kayd\u0131 ya da k\u0131salt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ad\u0131 ile A kayd\u0131, muhtemelen en temel ve en yayg\u0131n olan t\u00fcrd\u00fcr. \u0130simleri IP adreslerine e\u015fleyen \u015fey A kayd\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kay\u0131t:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cwebsiteniz.com. IN A 23.9.62.14\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

A kayd\u0131, websiteniz.com domain ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 IP adresi 23.9.62.14 olarak e\u015fleyecektir. IP adresleri genellikle hosting servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z taraf\u0131ndan verilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Canonical Name (CNAME)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

CNAME kayd\u0131, bir host i\u00e7in di\u011fer ad olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu kay\u0131t t\u00fcr\u00fc genellikle ayn\u0131 domaini i\u015faret eden birden fazla hostname’inizin (www, ftp, mail) olmas\u0131 durumunda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin; ayn\u0131 server hem ftp’den hem de mailden sorumlu olabilir:<\/span><\/p>\n

“ftp\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CNAME\u00a0 websiteniz.com.<\/span><\/p>\n

www \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0IN\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 CNAME\u00a0 websiteniz.com.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu t\u00fcr, websiteniz.com’da bir ftp di\u011fer ad\u0131 olu\u015fturacakt\u0131r. B\u00f6ylelikle bir ki\u015fi ftp.websiteniz.com’a ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, websiteniz.com adresine y\u00f6nlendirilecektir. ‘www’ ile benzer \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mail Exchange (MX)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

MX kayd\u0131, domain i\u00e7in gelen t\u00fcm e-postalarla ilgilenecek olan A kayd\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin; mail.websiteniz.com adresinizin, t\u00fcm e-posta adresleriyle websiteniz.com adresinde ilgilenmesini istiyorsan\u0131z a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ad\u0131mlar\u0131 izlemelisiniz:<\/span><\/p>\n

“websiteniz.com. MX 10 mail.websiteniz.com<\/span><\/p>\n

websiteniz.com. MX 20 mail-backup.websiteniz.com”<\/span><\/p>\n

MX dizesinin yan\u0131ndaki say\u0131 \u00f6ncelikli olmaya kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k gelir. Herhangi bir sebepten dolay\u0131 mail.websiteniz.com kullan\u0131lamaz hale gelirse, t\u00fcm e-postalar mail-backup.websiteniz.com taraf\u0131n\u0131zdan y\u00f6netilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Host Information (Host Bilgileri)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The Host Information(HINFO) kayd\u0131, bir host hakk\u0131ndaki donan\u0131m t\u00fcr\u00fc, i\u015fletim sistemi gibi bilgileri tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. Opsiyoneldir ve her bir host ad\u0131 i\u00e7in yaln\u0131zca bir tane HINFO kayd\u0131 olabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

www.websiteniz.com. IN HINFO “Intel” “Linux”<\/span><\/p>\n

Pointer (PTR)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Pointer kay\u0131tlar\u0131, A kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n tam tersidir ve Reverse Maps(ters haritalar) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan bir dizi zone file’da kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Ad\u0131ndan da belli oldu\u011fu \u00fczere bunlar ters haritalama yaparlar: Ip adreslerini host adlar\u0131na. <\/span><\/p>\n

E-postan\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in bu kay\u0131tlar hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. Her \u0130nternet adresi i\u00e7in sadece bir PTR kayd\u0131 kullan\u0131labilir. Bu y\u00fczden \u00f6nceki \u00f6rnekte g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz www.websiteniz.com’un IP adresi 23.9.62.14’t\u00fcr ve PTR kayd\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki gibidir:<\/span><\/p>\n

“14.62.9.23.IN-ADDR.ARPA. IN PTR www.websiteniz.com.”<\/span><\/p>\n

Text (TXT)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

TXT kayd\u0131, herhangi bir text dizesini bir hostname ile ili\u015fkilendirmenize olanak tan\u0131r. Bir host i\u00e7in birden fazla TXT kayd\u0131 olabilir:<\/span><\/p>\n

www.websiteniz.com. IN TXT “owner: john@websiteniz.com<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0IN\u00a0 TXT “production”<\/span><\/p>\n

DNS yap\u0131land\u0131rman\u0131zda de\u011fi\u015fiklikler yapman\u0131z, mail websitenizin ya da websitenizin tamamen kapanmas\u0131 gibi olduk\u00e7a dramatik etkiler do\u011furabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

DNS, internetin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda temel unsurlardan bir tanesidir. Domainlerle ilgili bilgileri bar\u0131nd\u0131ran serverlar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir veri taban\u0131d\u0131r. DNS’nin ba\u015fl\u0131ca g\u00f6revi, isimleri…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":10317,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10315","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10315","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10315"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10315\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10320,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10315\/revisions\/10320"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10317"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10315"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10315"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10315"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}