{"id":10938,"date":"2018-01-10T15:34:43","date_gmt":"2018-01-10T13:34:43","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ihs.com.tr\/blog\/?p=10938"},"modified":"2024-01-25T13:59:02","modified_gmt":"2024-01-25T11:59:02","slug":"spf-kaydi-nedir-ne-ise-yarar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/spf-kaydi-nedir-ne-ise-yarar\/","title":{"rendered":"SPF Kayd\u0131 Nedir? Ne \u0130\u015fe Yarar?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Sender Policy Framework&#8217;\u00fcn ba\u015f harflerinden olu\u015fan SPF kayd\u0131, Microsoft taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur ve spam mailleri kontrol etmek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u201cKimlik ibraz\u0131\u201d niteli\u011findedir. Daha terimsel anlat\u0131m\u0131yla SPF; mail sunucular\u0131na hangi hostlar\u0131n bir domain ad\u0131na mail g\u00f6ndermeye yetkili oldu\u011funu belirtmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>SPF kay\u0131t format\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">SPF kay\u0131tlar\u0131 \u00e7o\u011fu zaman TXT kayd\u0131yla tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. SPF kayd\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zellikle olu\u015fturulmu\u015f bir kay\u0131t t\u00fcr\u00fc de vard\u0131r fakat art\u0131k pek kullan\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. Bu y\u00fczden SPF kayd\u0131 yapacaksan\u0131z en az\u0131ndan TXT kayd\u0131na h\u00e2kim olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">SPF kay\u0131tlar\u0131 tek bir metin dizisi \u015feklindedir:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">v=spf1 a mx ip4:69.64.153.131 include:_spf.google.com ~all<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">SPF kayd\u0131 her zaman <em>&#8220;v=&#8221;<\/em> ile ba\u015flar. Bu, kullan\u0131lan SPF s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6sterir. \u015eu anki s\u00fcr\u00fcm <em>spf1<\/em> olmal\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc spf1, \u015fu an aktif olarak en yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131lan SPF t\u00fcr\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">S\u00fcr\u00fcm g\u00f6stergesinin ard\u0131nda birden fazla terim vard\u0131r. Bu terimler hostlar\u0131n domain ad\u0131na mail g\u00f6ndermesine izin verir ya da SPF kayd\u0131na ek bilgi sa\u011flar. Terimler; mekanizmalar ve belirte\u00e7lerden olu\u015fur. Baz\u0131 mekanizmalar \u015f\u00f6yledir:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">all<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">include<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">a<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">mx<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">ip4<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">ip6<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">exists<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Ayr\u0131ca <em>&#8220;ptr&#8221;<\/em> isimli bir mekanizma daha vard\u0131r fakat onu kullanmaman\u0131z gerekiyor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Mekanizmalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 2 belirte\u00e7 mevcut:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">redirect<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">exp<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>SPF Mekanizmalar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki mekanizmalar, domain ad\u0131 \u00fczerinden e-posta g\u00f6nderme izni olan IP adreslerini tan\u0131mlar:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">a<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">mx<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">ip4<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">ip6<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">exists<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Bir e-posta server\u0131, g\u00f6ndericilerin IP adresleriyle mekanizmalarda tan\u0131ml\u0131 olan IP adreslerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. IP adresi e\u011fer kay\u0131tlardakinden bir tanesiyle e\u015fle\u015firse sonucunda bir <em>&#8220;+&#8221;<\/em> ya da <em>&#8220;pass&#8221;<\/em> ibaresi al\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">T\u00fcm mekanizmalar adresler ile e\u015fle\u015fir. Mekanizmalar genellikle daha \u00f6nceki mekanizmalarla e\u015fle\u015fmeyen herhangi bir IP i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">T\u00fcm mekanizmalar e\u015fle\u015fmelerle ili\u015fkin ibareler kullan\u0131r. <em>&#8220;pass&#8221;<\/em> ve <em>&#8220;+&#8221;<\/em>y\u0131 yukar\u0131da belirttik. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in<em> &#8220;-&#8220;<\/em>, daha kabul edilebilir bir ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in <em>&#8220;~&#8221;<\/em> ve tarafs\u0131zl\u0131k i\u00e7in <em>&#8220;?&#8221;<\/em> kullan\u0131l\u0131r. E\u011fer bir mekanizma ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131zl\u0131k <em>&#8220;-&#8220;<\/em> belirtmi\u015fse:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>SPF Belirte\u00e7leri<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Belirte\u00e7ler <em>&#8220;=&#8221;<\/em> ile ayr\u0131l\u0131r ve ad, de\u011fer gibi bilgiler sunarak ek bilgiler sa\u011flar. Belirte\u00e7ler SPF kayd\u0131n\u0131n en sonunda g\u00f6sterilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Redirect belirte\u00e7leri ise kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere ba\u015fka bir SPF kayd\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faret etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bu, birden fazla <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/domain-nasil-alinir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">domain<\/a>&#8216;e sahip oldu\u011funuz zaman ve birden \u00e7ok domain\u2019e ayn\u0131 SPF i\u00e7eri\u011fini kullanmak istedi\u011finiz zaman kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130ki domain&#8217;i de kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z redirectleri kullanmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z, aksi takdirde include belirtecini kullanman\u0131z gerekiyor.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Exp belirteci, mekanizmalar taraf\u0131ndan <em>&#8220;-&#8220;<\/em> olarak tan\u0131mland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z durumlarda a\u00e7\u0131klama yapmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>SPF Kay\u0131t S\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmalar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Tam nitelikli adlar\u0131n her biri, TXT kayd\u0131 ya da SPF kayd\u0131na sahip olabilir. SPF&#8217;nin kendi kay\u0131t t\u00fcr\u00fc kullan\u0131mdan kald\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bir TXT kayd\u0131na sahip olmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Bir SPF kayd\u0131nda arama say\u0131s\u0131na ve izin verilen \u00f6\u011felere g\u00f6re baz\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131rmalar vard\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">SPF kay\u0131tlar\u0131 10&#8217;dan fazla mekanizmaya sahip olabilir. Bunlar <em>include, a, mx, ptr <\/em>ve<em> exists<\/em> mekanizmalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><em>Mx<\/em> mekanizmas\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilirken, sorgulanan <em>Mx<\/em> kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 ve DNS aramalar\u0131n\u0131n genel s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 da dikkate al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><em>Ptr<\/em> mekanizmas\u0131 genel s\u0131n\u0131r dahilindedir ve <em>ptr<\/em>&#8216;ler 10&#8217;dan fazla adres kayd\u0131 sorgulamas\u0131na neden olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>SPF Kay\u0131tlar\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \u0130pu\u00e7lar\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Tam nitelikli olarak kullanabilece\u011finiz sadece 1 SPF kayd\u0131n\u0131z vard\u0131r ve bu kayd\u0131n\u0131za ek belirte\u00e7ler eklemeniz gerekti\u011fi zaman mevcut SPF kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kullanman\u0131z gerekecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">SPF kay\u0131tlar\u0131 genellikle domain ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n en sade \u015feklinde belirtilir. Tek bir SPF i\u00e7in izin verilen belirte\u00e7 say\u0131s\u0131ndan daha fazlas\u0131n\u0131 kullanman\u0131z gerekti\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z, baz\u0131 mesajlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 sade domain ad\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n alt\u0131nda yer alan baz\u0131 alt domainlerden g\u00f6ndermeniz gerekebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, 3. taraf bir SaaS taraf\u0131ndan sizin ad\u0131n\u0131za e-posta g\u00f6nderilirse sizin de o sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 i\u00e7in <em>bir\u015fey.domainadresiniz.com<\/em> adresinden bir e-posta g\u00f6ndermeniz gerekebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sender Policy Framework&#8217;\u00fcn ba\u015f harflerinden olu\u015fan SPF kayd\u0131, Microsoft taraf\u0131ndan olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur ve spam mailleri kontrol etmek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u201cKimlik ibraz\u0131\u201d niteli\u011findedir. Daha&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":11017,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10938","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-haberler"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10938","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10938"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10938\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":14846,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10938\/revisions\/14846"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11017"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10938"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10938"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10938"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}