{"id":13025,"date":"2020-03-04T16:52:50","date_gmt":"2020-03-04T14:52:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/?p=13025"},"modified":"2020-03-31T08:36:46","modified_gmt":"2020-03-31T06:36:46","slug":"ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/","title":{"rendered":"IP Adresi Nedir ve Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IP adresleri, internet \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak sokaktan herhangi bir insan\u0131 durdurup IP adreslerinin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorsan\u0131z, muhtemelen konuya dair bir fikirleri yoktur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc IP adresleri sahne arkas\u0131nda rol oynayarak bir\u00e7ok internet kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n onlar hakk\u0131nda endi\u015felenmesi ya da d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesi bile gerekmeden varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekte.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ancak her kim internetin (her g\u00fcn ona ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u015feyin) nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi anlamak istiyorsa, IP adreslerinin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015feklini \u00f6\u011frenmek bu s\u00fcrecin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Ve IT alan\u0131nda ya da internete ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan di\u011fer alanlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filer de IP adresi kullan\u0131m\u0131yla ilgili durumlarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bu IP adreslerinin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilmek i\u015finizi de daha kolay yapman\u0131z\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_77 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">\u0130\u00e7erik Tablosu<\/p>\n<label for=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f2083f62608\" class=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-label\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/label><input type=\"checkbox\" id=\"ez-toc-cssicon-toggle-item-69f2083f62608\" aria-label=\"Toggle\" \/><nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#IP-adresi-nedir\" >IP adresi nedir?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#Peki-IP-adresleri-nasil-calisiyor\" >Peki, IP adresleri nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#Bir-IP-Adresi-Size-Ne-Anlatir\" >Bir IP Adresi Size Ne Anlat\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#IP-Adresleri-Nasil-Atanmaktadir\" >IP Adresleri Nas\u0131l Atanmaktad\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#Ozel-ve-Genel-IP-Adresleri\" >\u00d6zel ve Genel IP Adresleri<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#IP-Adresleri-Ne-icin-Kullanilir\" >IP Adresleri Ne i\u00e7in Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#Ozel-IP-Adresleri\" >\u00d6zel IP Adresleri<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#Genel-IP-Adresleri\" >Genel IP Adresleri<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#DNS-Sunuculari-Nasil-Calisir\" >DNS Sunucular\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/ip-adresleri-nedir-ve-nasil-calisir\/#IP-Adresleri-Sizin-Icin-Ne-Anlama-Geliyor\" >IP Adresleri Sizin \u0130\u00e7in Ne Anlama Geliyor?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IP-adresi-nedir\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IP adresi nedir?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IP adresi \u201c<\/span><b>\u0130nternet Protokol\u00fc<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201d anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. Bu terim internetin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u015fekliyle baz\u0131 kural setlerini ve s\u00fcre\u00e7leri tan\u0131mlar. \u00d6zellikle, bir verinin arama motoru arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla bir cihazdan ya da bir a\u011fdan di\u011ferine nas\u0131l g\u00f6nderildi\u011fini denetler.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu terimin adres k\u0131sm\u0131 daha kolay anla\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u0130nternete ba\u011fl\u0131 her cihaz\u0131 ve a\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131mlamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan benzeri olmayan bir numarad\u0131r. Ev adresiniz nas\u0131l bir cadde, sokak ve bir numara i\u00e7eriyorsa, IP adresiniz de noktalarla ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir dizi rakamlardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. IP adresinizi, sitenize gelen trafik i\u00e7in adres olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rnek g\u00f6rmek isterseniz, \u015fu anda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z networkun IP adresini g\u00f6rmek isterseniz IHS Telekom <\/span><b>IP sorgulama arac\u0131n\u0131<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> kullanabilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bunu okuyan \u00e7o\u011fu ki\u015fi i\u00e7in, ekranda g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz IP adresi IPv4 (IP s\u00fcr\u00fcm 4), yani her biri 0 ile 255 aras\u0131nda d\u00f6rt say\u0131n\u0131n noktalara b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f hali demektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rn: <\/span><b>85.147.23.134<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> gibi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ancak bu formatta \u00fcretebilece\u011finiz adres say\u0131s\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in ve internet devasa bir h\u0131zla b\u00fcy\u00fcmeye devam etti\u011fi i\u00e7in art\u0131k baz\u0131 IP adresleri <\/span><b>IPv6<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (IP s\u00fcr\u00fcm 6) format\u0131 ile d\u00fczenlenmektedir. IPv6 adresleri 32 haneye kadar \u00e7\u0131kabilmekte, alfabetik ve numerik basamaklar\u0131 kombine etmekte ve noktalar yerine iki nokta \u00fcst \u00fcste ile par\u00e7alara ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \u015eu \u00f6rnekteki gibi: <\/span><b>2002:0db5:87b3:0000:0000:8a3e:0360:7534<\/b><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir internet kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n, rakiplerinizi de\u011fil de sizin web sitenizi bulmas\u0131 i\u00e7in benzersiz bir kimlik numaras\u0131na sahip olman\u0131z gerekir. IP adresleri de i\u015fte burada devreye giriyor. Bu ondal\u0131k say\u0131lar ve basamaklar, web sitenizi internet a\u011f\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 tutan ve bilgisayarlar\u0131n, cep telefonlar\u0131n\u0131n ve di\u011fer cihazlar\u0131n birbirleriyle ileti\u015fim kurmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u015feydir.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Peki-IP-adresleri-nasil-calisiyor\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peki, IP adresleri nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130nternetin \u015fu anki gibi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in, t\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131n ve a\u011flar\u0131n birbiri ile ileti\u015fim kurabilmesi ad\u0131na bir y\u00f6nteme ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r..\u00a0 Biz insanlar cihazlar\u0131m\u0131za bir isim verirken (\u00f6rn: Ay\u015fe\u2019nin iPhone\u2019u ve Umut\u2019un Bilgisayar\u0131) ve sitelere ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in de alan adlar\u0131n\u0131 (\u00f6rn: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">www.ihs.com.tr<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) kullan\u0131rken, kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z cihazlar da bu ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 kurmak ve birbirlerini tan\u0131yabilmek i\u00e7in IP adreslerini kullan\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130nternete ba\u011flanan her cihaz, t\u00fcm makinelerin internete ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve birbirleri ile veri payla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn kurallar\u0131 ve s\u00fcre\u00e7leri belirleyen ileti\u015fim sistemi olan TCP \/ IP (Aktarma Kontrol Protokol\u00fc \/ \u0130nternet Protokol\u00fc) bulunduracak \u015fekilde birbirleriyle ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu onlar\u0131n kendilerine \u00f6zg\u00fc dilidir ve bu benzersiz kimlik numaralar\u0131 da birbirlerini anlama ve ileti\u015fim bi\u00e7imlerinin par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir internet kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 herhangi bir web sitesine eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman, \u00f6ncelikle bu web sitesinin nerede oldu\u011funu bilmesi ve i\u00e7erdi\u011fi t\u00fcm i\u00e7erikleri \u00e7ekmesi gerekir. Bu sebeple, kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n bilgisayar\u0131 a\u011f y\u00f6nlendiricisi ile ileti\u015fim kurar ve daha sonra mevcut sitenin dosyalar\u0131na eri\u015fmek i\u00e7in web sitesinin i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu sunucuya ba\u011flan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te yer alan her cihaz (bilgisayar, y\u00f6nlendirici, sunucu) kendine \u00f6zel bir IP adresine sahiptir ve bu adres cihazlar\u0131n birbirini tan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.\u00a0 Bilgisayarlar bu IP adreslerine g\u00f6re hangi web sitesini \u00e7ekip, hangisini g\u00f6stermeleri gerekti\u011fini bu \u015fekilde anlarlar.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bir-IP-Adresi-Size-Ne-Anlatir\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bir IP Adresi Size Ne Anlat\u0131r?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IPv4 her biri farkl\u0131 bir \u015feyle ileti\u015fim kuran birka\u00e7 par\u00e7adan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r. \u0130lk k\u0131s\u0131m network a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6sterir, ikinci k\u0131s\u0131m ise cihaz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 veya yer sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (host) g\u00f6sterir. E\u011fer sizin ev internetinize ba\u011fl\u0131 farkl\u0131 cihazlar\u0131n IP adreslerine bakarsan\u0131z, ilk k\u0131sm\u0131n ayn\u0131 oldu\u011funu fark edeceksiniz. Bunun sebebi t\u00fcm cihazlar\u0131n ayn\u0131 y\u00f6nlendiriciye ba\u011fl\u0131 olmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131d\u0131r ve ayn\u0131 genel IP adresini payla\u015f\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Adresin ilk k\u0131sm\u0131n ne kadar\u0131n\u0131n network adresine ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 sabit bir kural de\u011fildir. Bu k\u0131s\u0131m, network boyutlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda internetin ilk g\u00fcnlerinde atanm\u0131\u015f IP adresleri s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ile ilgilidir. A class IP adresleri i\u00e7in ilk d\u00f6rd\u00fc; B class olanlar i\u00e7in ilk ikisi; C class adresler i\u00e7in ise ilk \u00fc\u00e7\u00fc networke ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bilgisayar a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z, IP adresinin hangi b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn a\u011f i\u00e7in ve hangisinin alt a\u011f maskeleri ad\u0131 verilen host i\u00e7in oldu\u011funu tan\u0131yacak \u015fekilde programlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 IP s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 ve alt a\u011flar, olduk\u00e7a b\u00fcy\u00fck a\u011flar s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda daha fazla devreye girer. \u00c7o\u011fu ev ve i\u015f a\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in bu ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar IP adreslerinizin nas\u0131l g\u00f6r\u00fcnece\u011fi ve de nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 konusunda bir farkl\u0131l\u0131k yaratmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IP-Adresleri-Nasil-Atanmaktadir\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IP Adresleri Nas\u0131l Atanmaktad\u0131r?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En \u00fcst seviyede ise, IP adresleri <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iana.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Internet Assigned Numbers Authority<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> (IANA) taraf\u0131ndan atanmaktad\u0131r. IANA,\u00a0 bu IP adresi bloklar\u0131n\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel internet kay\u0131tlar\u0131na (RIR) atar, ard\u0131ndan onlar da kendi b\u00f6lgeleri i\u00e7erisindeki internet servis sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131, devlet kurumlar\u0131, okullar, \u015firketler ve di\u011fer kurumlar aras\u0131nda tahsis eder.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c7o\u011fu ev ve i\u015f a\u011flar\u0131nda, IANA\u2019n\u0131n kendi \u0130nternet Servisi Sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131n\u0131za (\u0130SS) atad\u0131\u011f\u0131 adres bloklar\u0131ndan bir IP adresine otomatik olarak atan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.\u00a0 \u00c7o\u011fu durumda size dinamik bir IP sa\u011flarlar, yani her zaman sabit kalan bir adres olmayacakt\u0131r. E\u011fer IHS Telekom\u2019un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/seo\/ip-adresim-nedir\">&#8220;IP adresim nedir?&#8221; arac\u0131n\u0131<\/a> kulland\u0131ysan\u0131z \u015fu anki IP adresinizi g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclediniz. Ancak 1 hafta sonras\u0131nda bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda tamamen farkl\u0131 bir adres g\u00f6rebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130SS&#8217;ler dinamik IP adreslerini tercih ederler \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar i\u00e7in daha kolayd\u0131r. Bir kullan\u0131c\u0131, bulundu\u011fu konumu her de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011finde bir a\u011f\u0131n adresini yeniden yap\u0131land\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir noktaya ihtiya\u00e7 duymazlar. Dinamik IP adresleri bu sayede a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 daha g\u00fcvenli hale getirmektedir. IP adresinizi s\u0131k s\u0131k de\u011fi\u015ftirirseniz, hackerlar\u0131n a\u011f\u0131n\u0131za sald\u0131rmas\u0131 \u00e7ok daha zor olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ozel-ve-Genel-IP-Adresleri\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6zel ve Genel IP Adresleri<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ISS\u2019niz taraf\u0131ndan size atanm\u0131\u015f olan IP adresiniz genel bir IP adresidir. Bu genel olarak t\u00fcm a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zla ili\u015fkilendirilmi\u015f oland\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bazen otomatik a\u011f ge\u00e7idi adresi olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r ve bu adresin y\u00f6nlendiriciniz ile e\u015fle\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6receksiniz. Sizin a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki her network ve cihaz sizi bu IP adresi sayesinde tan\u0131yacak ve takip edecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ana genel IP adresinize ek olarak, y\u00f6nlendiricinize ba\u011flanm\u0131\u015f her cihaz \u00f6zel IP adresine de sahip olacakt\u0131r. Daha \u00f6nce de bahsetti\u011fimiz gibi bu <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u00f6zel IP adresleri ilk k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda genel IP adresine benzeseler de son k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131nda her biri benzersizdir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin, a\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in genel IP adresi 124.38.175.0 ise, \u00f6zel IP adresleriniz 122.38.185.1, 122.38.185.5, 122.38.185.22 vb. gibi olabilir. Y\u00f6nlendiricinizin her cihaz i\u00e7in \u00f6zel bir IP adresine sahip olmas\u0131, onlar\u0131 birbirinden ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131z ve telefonunuz gibi interneti en \u00e7ok kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z cihazlara ek olarak, bluetooth&#8217;a ba\u011flanan veya ak\u0131ll\u0131 teknoloji kullanan her cihaz\u0131n da kendisine \u00f6zel bir IP&#8217;si mevcuttur. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00d6rnek vermek gerekirse, herhangi bir bluetooth kulakl\u0131k, ak\u0131ll\u0131 TV, kablosuz yaz\u0131c\u0131 ve ak\u0131ll\u0131 lamba da a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda bulunan cihazlara dahildir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Y\u00f6nlendiriciniz otomatik olarak her cihaza \u00f6zel bir IP tan\u0131mlar. Ve e\u011fer isterseniz \u00e7o\u011fu cihaz\u0131n \u00f6zel IP\u2019sini kolayl\u0131kla de\u011fi\u015ftirebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ancak \u00e7o\u011funlukla, a\u011f\u0131n\u0131zdaki \u00f6zel IP adreslerini bilmenize veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmenize gerek yoktur. Farkl\u0131 cihazlar, birbirlerine ba\u011flanmak, tan\u0131mak ve birbirleriyle ileti\u015fim kurmak i\u00e7in IP adreslerini kullan\u0131r, ama biz cihazlar\u0131 kullan\u0131rken onlar\u0131 olu\u015fturdu\u011funuz veya \u00fcretici taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan (Ay\u015fe\u2019nin iPhone\u2019u gibi) hat\u0131rlanmas\u0131 kolay isimler veririz. Ve bu da onlar\u0131 tan\u0131mam\u0131za yetecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IP-Adresleri-Ne-icin-Kullanilir\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IP Adresleri Ne i\u00e7in Kullan\u0131l\u0131r?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>IP adresleri belli bir cihaz\u0131, web sitesini ya da network&#8217;\u00fc di\u011fer cihaz veya a\u011flarla ba\u011flant\u0131 kurmas\u0131 ve ileti\u015fim sa\u011flamas\u0131 gerekti\u011finde kullan\u0131lan internet protokol\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/strong> Ancak ayr\u0131nt\u0131lara indi\u011fimizde, IP adreslerinin kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131 IP adresi \u00e7e\u015fitlerine g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ozel-IP-Adresleri\"><\/span><strong>\u00d6zel IP Adresleri<\/strong><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u00d6zel IP adresleri ayn\u0131 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/sunucu-nedir-ne-ise-yarar\/\">sunucu<\/a> i\u00e7erisindeki cihazlar\u0131 ay\u0131rt etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong> Bir y\u00f6nlendiricinin sizin bilgisayar\u0131n\u0131zla ve Bluetooth kulakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 s\u00f6ylemesi gerekmektedir ve kulakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n da onu e\u015fle\u015ftiriniz telefonu tan\u0131mas\u0131 gerekmektedir.\u00a0 <strong>Birbirinden farkl\u0131 bu cihazlar her ileti\u015fim kurduklar\u0131nda birbirlerini IP adresleri sayesinde tan\u0131rlar.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Genel-IP-Adresleri\"><\/span>Genel IP Adresleri<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>Genel IP adresleri belirli bir a\u011f\u0131 tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/strong> Her\u00a0 ne kadar d\u00fczenli olarak de\u011fi\u015fseler bile sizin ISS\u2019n\u0131z belirli bir a\u011fa ait aktivitelerinizi\u00a0 genel a\u011f IP adresleri \u00fczerinden takip eder. B\u00f6ylece korsan programlar indirilmesi, spam e-postalar g\u00f6nderilmesi gibi illegal aktiviteleri tespit edebilir ve takip edebilirler.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Internet sunucular\u0131ndaki IP adresleri o sunucuda depolanan web sitelerini tan\u0131mak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.\u00a0 Bu y\u00f6nlendiricinizin ve taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n belirli bir siteyi tan\u0131y\u0131p \u00e7ekmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7ad\u0131r.\u00a0 Payla\u015f\u0131lan sunucu (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/web-hosting\/\">hosting<\/a>) planlar\u0131nda ise birden fazla <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/sitebaz-web-tasarimi-paketleri.html\">web sitesi<\/a> ayn\u0131 IP adresine sahip olur. Bu durumlarda l\u00fctfen endi\u015felenmeyin,\u00a0 hosting hizmeti veren firma her kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n ve her ziyaret\u00e7inin do\u011fru siteye y\u00f6nlendirildi\u011finden <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/domain-nedir-ne-ise-yarar\/\">alan adlar\u0131<\/a> sayesinde yani ziyaret\u00e7ilerin de sitenize eri\u015firken kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 adres sayesinde emin olur. (Sadece di\u011fer\u00a0 makineler IP adresi kullanmaktad\u0131r)<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DNS-Sunuculari-Nasil-Calisir\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">DNS Sunucular\u0131 Nas\u0131l \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/dns-kaydi-nedir-dns-kayit-turleri-nelerdir\/\">DNS<\/a> (domain name system)<\/strong> y\u00f6nlendiricilerin ve taray\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n alan adlar\u0131n\u0131 IP adreslerine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmede\u00a0 ve de tam tersini yapmas\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir rol oynar. DNS kavrama genellikle bir telefon defteri ile tasvir edilir (\u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc alan adlar\u0131n\u0131n hangi IP adresleri ile kay\u0131tl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6steren bir rehberdir)\u00a0 <strong>DNS sunucular\u0131 t\u00fcm alan adlar\u0131n\u0131 ve IP adreslerini sizin i\u00e7in kay\u0131t alt\u0131na alan ve bunlar\u0131 birbirine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcren bir teknolojidir.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Y\u00f6nlendiriciniz sizin ISS\u2019niz hangi DNS sunucusu ile ya da birka\u00e7\u0131 ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yorsa onunla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu asl\u0131nda makinelerin interneti istedi\u011fimiz gibi kullanabilmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131land\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ileti\u015fim s\u00fcrecinin bir ba\u015fka ad\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Cihaz\u0131n\u0131z y\u00f6nlendiricinize taray\u0131c\u0131n\u0131z \u00fczerinden hangi web sitesini g\u00f6rmek istedi\u011finize dair bir mesaj g\u00f6nderir, y\u00f6nlendiriciniz de DNS sunucusuna ba\u011flan\u0131r ve girdi\u011finiz alan ad\u0131n\u0131 bir IP adresine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcr. Bu da sonu\u00e7 olarak sizi g\u00f6rmek istedi\u011finiz web sitesine ula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r!<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130nternet ve web sitelerinin h\u0131z\u0131 sayesinde t\u00fcm bu ad\u0131mlar kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n deneyimledi\u011fi birka\u00e7 saniye i\u00e7erisinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.\u00a0 Ve tabii ki hepsi arka planda siz endi\u015felenmeden olur biter.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong>Sonu\u00e7 Olarak: <\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IP-Adresleri-Sizin-Icin-Ne-Anlama-Geliyor\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">IP Adresleri Sizin \u0130\u00e7in Ne Anlama Geliyor?<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">E\u011fer g\u00fcndelik bir internet kullan\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 iseniz,\u00a0 ya da g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczdeki hemen herkes gibi interneti olduk\u00e7a s\u0131k kullanan biri iseniz,\u00a0 IP adreslerinin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n\u0131zdaki i\u015flerinizi yaparken sizin i\u00e7in \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir konu olmayacakt\u0131r. T\u00fcm bu sistemler bizler i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f daha t\u00fcketici-dostu aray\u00fczler ve s\u00fcre\u00e7ler ile i\u015flerimizi y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcrken, arka planda sorunsuz bir \u015fekilde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0130nternete ba\u011fl\u0131 cihazlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 hat\u0131rlaman\u0131z\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131racak isimler ile tan\u0131mlayabilirsiniz.\u00a0 Ve tabii ki bir web sitesine ula\u015fmak istedi\u011finizde ya da siz kurmak istedi\u011finizde, bir dizi rakamdan \u00e7ok daha anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r ve hat\u0131rlanmas\u0131 kolay alan adlar\u0131 kullanacaks\u0131n\u0131z.\u00a0 Ancak bu s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin daha \u00e7ok teknik taraf\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in IP adreslerinin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusu, bizler i\u00e7in bu sistemi kesintisiz s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek ad\u0131na \u00e7ok \u00f6nemlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>IP adresleri, internet \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak sokaktan herhangi bir insan\u0131 durdurup IP adreslerinin nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sorsan\u0131z, muhtemelen konuya dair&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":13028,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[399],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-webhosting"],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13025","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=13025"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13025\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":13076,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13025\/revisions\/13076"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/13028"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=13025"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=13025"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.ihs.com.tr\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=13025"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}